A bank is an institution which carries on the business of taking deposits and lending money. The rate of interest charged by the bank from its borrowers is usually higher than what it pays to depositors. The business of receiving, safeguarding and lending of money is called banking.
More on Complex Numbers
In this chapter we shall cover advanced topics under complex numbers.
Value Added Tax (VAT)
In the VAT system, the tax is realized by the government at many points in the supply chain, right from the manufacturer to the retailer.
Percentages
Percentages are very much part of our lives but what does percentage mean? “Per cent” means “out of 100”; and “out of”, mathematically means “divide by”.
Profit and Loss
Calculating Cost Price, Sell Price, Marked Price, Net Price, Discount, Profit, Loss Profit Percent, Loss Percent
Ratio and Proportion
In comparing two quantities of the same kind, the fraction, which expresses by how many times the first quantity is greater or smaller than the second quantity is called the ‘ratio’ between the quantities. When the values of two ratios are equal, they are said to be in ‘proportion’ and one is called proportional to the other.
Combination
A combination is a grouping or selection of all or part of a number of things without reference to the arrangement of the things selected.
Permutation
A permutation is an arrangement of all or part of a number of things in a definite order. For example, the permutations of the three letters a, b, c taken all at a time are abc, acb, bac, bca, cba, cab.
Logarithm
a and M be two real numbers such that a>0 and not equal to 1and M > 0. A real number x is called “the logarithm of M to the base a” if a to the power of x is equal to M.
Quadratic Equations
An equation of the form ax^2 + bx +c = 0 (a being nonzero) in which 2 is the highest power of x and a,b,c are any three numbers free from x is called an equation of second degree or a quadratic equation in x.
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